Centrifuge modeling of geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining walls subjected to the combined effect of earthquakes and rainfall

Local fine-grained soils were usually used as backfill for geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining walls (GSRWs). However, there are few studies on the seismic response in this case, especially under influence of rainfall. In study, three centrifuge shaking table tests performed at 30 gravities to investigate performance GSRWs subjected combined effect earthquakes and Two stages designed study. first stage, conditions simulated, i.e., post-rainfall earthquake (Test-1), rainfall occurring simultaneously (Test-2), post-earthquake (Test-3). The results show that if was enough time rainwater seepage, suction force generated unsaturated GSRW enhanced strength. When heavy no deformation largest due high excess pore water pressure local saturated GSRW. second failure models with different contents studied. Under excitation a series continuous earthquakes, large tensile crack formed GSRW, whereas cracks found but its panel demonstrated bulging deformation.